Chocolate contains methylxanthines, specifically theobromine and caffeine. Chocolate is toxic to animals and ingestion can result in vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, elevated heart rate, abnormal heart rhythm, tremors, seizures, and possibly even death. Chocolate poisoning in dogs  make up 95% of chocolate calls at the poison hotline.  Theobromine is the main toxin in chocolate and is very similar to caffeine. Both chemicals are used medicinally as a diuretic, heart stimulant, blood vessel dilator, and a smooth muscle relaxant. Dogs cannot metabolize theobromine creating more sensitivity to the chemicals’ effects.  Chocolate toxicity in animals varies greatly depending on the type and amount of chocolate ingested and the size of the pet.

The darker and less sweet the chocolate, the more toxic it can be to animals. Baker’s chocolate and dark chocolate pose the greatest risk of toxicity, while white chocolate carries the lowest risk. A small amount of chocolate, such as a few chocolate chips, is unlikely to be a concern for most pets. Also be aware that some chocolate-containing products may contain other toxins such as macadamia nuts, raisins, coffee or espresso beans, or xylitol.

Websites

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chocolate-poisoning-in-dogs

https://www.petmd.com/dog/chocolate-toxicity

Hotline

Disclaimer –  The content of this page is not veterinary advice. A number of factors (amount of substance ingested, size of the animal, allergies, etc.) determine what is toxic to a particular pet. If you think your pet has eaten something potentially toxic, call Pet Poison Helpline or seek immediate veterinary treatment.